5-羟甲基糠醛（HMF）为什么能成为唯一上榜的国家生物基攻关产品？

In mid-July 2026, the General Office of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Notice on Publishing the List of Qualified Enterprises for the Innovative Tasks of Key Fine Chemical Products." 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was the sole bio-based fine chemical key product included on the list. HMF, recognized by the U.S. Department of Energy as one of the top ten biomass platform chemicals, contains aldehyde, hydroxyl, and furan rings in its molecule. It can undergo oxidation, hydrogenation, esterification, and polymerization, serving as a critical intermediate linking biomass feedstocks to bio-based materials. The current mainstream production process for HMF is fructose dehydration, primarily sourced from high-fructose corn syrup, crystallized fructose, sugarcane, beets, and other sources, through a one-step dehydration process—the prevailing industrial production route. Another pathway involves lignocellulosic materials such as corn cobs, straw, wood chips, bagasse, and agricultural forestry waste, which are hydrolyzed into glucose before being isomerized and dehydrated. HMF has extensive downstream applications, mainly through oxidation to produce FDCA, DFF, HMFCA, and other derivatives. It can also be processed via hydrogenation reduction routes to yield DHMF, DMF, and other products. Additionally, HMF downstream products are utilized in resins, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, coatings, and other fields